Daily Question Catch Up

Well, last week was a BLUR and I just realized I never added any of our daily questions or rundowns on here.  So here at least of the daily questions from last week and in another post I will place the note as well.  We are still in this land of Cell cycle, DNA, DNA Replication so there is a LOT of new information that seems very scattered but we are STARTING to put this all together!!  You guys are holding on strong - keep it up!

Monday January 14^th

Which Cell provides the most efficient surface-area to volume ratio and WHY?

 The smallest cell here would be the most efficient.  WHY??  Because of the three cells shown here it has the HIGHEST surface area to volume ratio.  Why is this important?  The more surface area there is, the faster a cell can obtain nutrients and release waste.  This is a KEY factor in cell size.  (And why cells cannot just grow infinitely large) 

Before a cell can divide what must the cell make a copy of?

ALL of the chromosomes (in human cells that would be 46 chromosomes)

Draw out what a duplicated chromosome would look like labeling the different parts.  Then describe how the two sides are related.

 The chromatids are EXACT copies of each other (same exact DNA on each side)

Tuesday January 15^th

DNA is made up of nucleotides.  What are the three parts that make up a nucleotide?

 

Of these, which two make up the backbone?  The Sugar (deoxyribose) and the phosphate group.

Which make up the “code” that writes our instructions?

 The nucleotide bases

There are 4 different “codes” in DNA, what are they and how do they pair up?

 Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine

A pairs with T

C Pairs with G

(G Created All Things)

During the Cell cycle – when is this DNA replicated?

The S phase (Synthesis Phase)

Wednesday January 16^th

If given the following DNA Sequence, what would the complementary strand look like?

GCCTAAGCG

CGGATTCGC

In EACH one of our cells, how many of these nucleotides are there? (Recall from yesterday’s video) 6 BILLION

Thursday January 17^th

DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative.  Once DNA replication is completed how are the two resulting DNA molecules related to each other.

Each DNA molecule has one "original" or "Template" strand and one "new" Strand (See above how that works)

There are two “worker” molecules that perform DNA replication.  What are these two molecules and what type of organic molecule are they? DNA Helicase which "unzips" the DNA and DNA Polymerase which adds new nucleotides (again, reference the image above) These are Enzymes which are a type of Protein

Tuesday January 22^nd

In each of our cells, how many chromosomes are there? 46

These chromosomes are made up of both DNA AND Protein

Before a cell divides what MUST happen to the single chromosomes? It must replicate (to form sister chromatids) - see picture below

Then the cell goes through a process known as Mitosis which is the division of which part of the cell? The nucleus